PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.